郝西,张俊,臧秀旺,易明林,王蒙,董文召,张新友,汤丰收

• 1:河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部黄淮海油料作物重点实验室/河南省油料作物遗传改良重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

采用问卷与实地调查相结合的方法,对河南省花生田地膜使用、回收与残膜污染现状进行了分析。调查结果表明,河南省花生地膜厚度多为0. 004～0. 006 mm,地膜使用量一般为45 kg·hm~(-2);农户多采用人工捡拾的方式回收花生田残膜。花生田地膜残留量为15. 0～40. 0 kg·hm~(-2),低于国家标准GB/T 25413-2010规定的农田残膜污染的一级标准75 kg·hm~(-2);覆膜年限越长,地膜残留量越大,覆膜5年、10年和15年的残留量分别达到15. 0 kg·hm~(-2)、26. 9 kg·hm~(-2)和40. 0 kg·hm~(-2)。花生田残膜主要集中在0～10 cm浅层土壤中,残膜主要以中块膜(4～25 cm~2)和大块膜(> 25 cm~2)为主。依据75 kg·hm~(-2)的残膜污染标准,年均覆膜量、年均残留率分别按45 kg·hm~(-2)、5. 92%～6. 65%计算,河南省覆膜花生安全使用地膜的年限约为25～29年。

关键词(KeyWords)： 地膜;河南省;花生田;污染

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国工程院咨询研究项目(2017-XZ-18);; 国家花生产业技术体系项目(CARS-14);; 河南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(S2012-5)

作者(Author): 郝西,张俊,臧秀旺,易明林,王蒙,董文召,张新友,汤丰收

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